The answer
ASCII math allows you to map characters to array indices (e.g., 'C' - 'A' = 2), which is the basis for hyper-optimized string hashing and frequency counting arrays.
Alphabet Patterns: Converting Integers to Characters
Why is ASCII math useful for algorithms?
More FAQs in Alphabet Patterns: Converting Integers to Characters
Because characters are backed by integer ASCII values, you can simply apply mathematical increments (like ++) to a character variable to move to the next letter.
The capital letter 'A' starts at 65. The lowercase letter 'a' starts at 97.
Type casting is forcing the compiler to treat a variable of one data type as another. For example, casting the integer 65 as a (char) forces it to become 'A'.
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