The answer
If you store every element of the input into a Hash Map, it requires O(N) Linear Space, as the map grows proportionally with the data.
Space Complexity: What it is and Why it Matters
What space complexity is creating a Hash Map?
More FAQs in Space Complexity: What it is and Why it Matters
It is a measure of how much extra memory (RAM) an algorithm requires to execute, scaling relative to the input size.
Auxiliary space is the temporary, extra memory created by your algorithm to do its work, excluding the memory taken up by the raw input data itself.
Yes, drastically. Every recursive call adds a frame to the Call Stack. A recursion depth of N requires O(N) auxiliary space, which can cause Stack Overflow errors.
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