What does the browser do after receiving HTML?
It parses HTML into the DOM, discovers linked resources, builds the CSSOM, and then renders the page after layout and paint.
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More FAQs in How the Web Works: Browser to Server
The browser resolves DNS, opens a connection, sends an HTTP request, receives a response, parses the content, and renders the page.
The browser resolves the domain and negotiates a secure TLS connection after establishing transport, so the data is encrypted before the request is exchanged.
TCP is the transport layer that moves bytes reliably between hosts. HTTP is the application protocol that defines requests, responses, methods, and headers on top of that transport.
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