The answer
Java is both. It is compiled into an intermediate 'Bytecode', which is then interpreted by the Java Virtual Machine (JVM) at runtime.
The Concept of Compilation vs Interpretation
Is Java compiled or interpreted?
More FAQs in The Concept of Compilation vs Interpretation
A compiler is a software tool that translates the entire source code of a program into machine-level binary code before the program is executed.
An interpreter reads, translates, and executes source code line-by-line during runtime, without creating a separate executable file.
C++ is fully compiled into optimized machine code before execution, whereas Python is interpreted on the fly, which adds overhead and slows execution.
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