How do I make a Node.js app scalable?
Keep the event loop non-blocking, use caching with Redis, add rate limiting, use a load balancer with multiple Node.js instances, optimize database queries with indexes and pagination, compress responses, and monitor in production.
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Because Node.js runs on a single thread, and one blocking operation stops all requests. Keeping the event loop non-blocking is the single most important rule for Node.js scalability, since it lets one thread handle many concurrent connections.
By reducing database load and response times. Cache database results, API responses, and expensive computations with Redis or in-memory caching, so repeated requests do not hit the database every time.
Use the cluster module or a process manager like PM2 to run multiple Node.js instances, one per CPU core, behind a load balancer. This utilizes multiple cores, since a single Node.js process only uses one core.
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