Why is the coordinate approach better for hollow shapes?
Because trying to calculate leading, internal, and trailing spaces using multiple sequential inner loops for hollow shapes requires incredibly complex math, whereas coordinate logic is a simple boolean check.
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More FAQs in Translating Visual Patterns into Coordinate Logic
It is a technique where you generate a full N x N grid and use an if-else statement to determine if the current (row, column) coordinate should contain a star or a blank space.
Use an N x N loop. If the current row is the first or last, OR the current column is the first or last, print a star. Otherwise, print a space.
The main diagonal (top-left to bottom-right) occurs wherever the row index exactly equals the column index (row == col).
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