Why do we use i and j as variables?
They stem from mathematical notation for matrices, where 'i' represents the row vector and 'j' represents the column vector.
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More FAQs in The Role of Nested Loops in Pattern Printing
The outer loop (rows) maps perfectly to the first index of a 2D array (matrix[row]), and the inner loop (columns) maps to the second index (matrix[row][col]).
It represents traversing the lower triangular half of an N x N matrix, often used in dynamic programming or checking array pairs.
Use a square N x N loop setup, and only print a star if the row index exactly equals the column index (if i == j). Otherwise, print a space.
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