The answer
LSTMs must process words sequentially, one by one. Transformers process all words at once in parallel, leveraging GPU architectures.
How the Transformer Architecture Changed AI Forever
Why are Transformers faster to train than LSTMs?
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A mechanism that scores how relevant other words in the input are to a target word, helping resolve pronoun references (e.g., what 'it' refers to).
GPT is a decoder-only model, optimized for generating text token by token.
BERT is an encoder-only model, designed to understand context and fill in missing words, widely used for search and classification.
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