What is the difference between useState and useReducer?
useState is for simple, independent state. useReducer is for complex state with transitions, modeling state as a reducer that takes the current state and an action. Choose based on the complexity and clarity of your state logic.
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Hooks let functional components use state and effects that previously required class components. They were introduced to solve class problems: lifecycle methods splitting related logic, a confusing this keyword, and hard-to-share stateful logic.
useEffect runs side effects like data fetching, subscriptions, and DOM updates after render. The dependency array controls when it runs: on every render, only on mount, or when specific values change.
Call hooks at the top level, not inside loops or conditions, and only from React functions. React tracks hooks by call order, so breaking these rules causes state to be assigned to the wrong hook and leads to subtle bugs.
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