What are microtasks and macrotasks in Node.js?
Microtasks are process.nextTick and promise callbacks, which run after the current operation and before the next macrotask. Macrotasks are setTimeout, setImmediate, and I/O callbacks, which run one per event loop phase.
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More FAQs in Node.js Event Loop Interview Questions With Answers
A single-threaded loop that processes callbacks from completed async operations through phases: timers, pending, poll, check, close. It makes Node.js non-blocking by handling I/O asynchronously through libuv while processing one callback at a time.
Timers (setTimeout), pending callbacks (deferred I/O), idle/prepare (internal), poll (new I/O events), check (setImmediate), and close callbacks. Each processes specific callback types in order through each tick of the loop.
setTimeout runs in the timers phase after a delay. setImmediate runs in the check phase right after poll. On the next tick, setImmediate usually runs before setTimeout(0) when there are no pending timers.
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