Should I use the same secrets in development and production?
Never. Use different JWT secrets, database credentials, and API keys for each environment. If a development secret leaks, your production app stays secure. Use weak/random secrets for development and strong, rotated secrets for production.
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More FAQs in Managing Multiple Environments in Node.js Development, Staging, and Production
Use separate .env files per environment (.env.development, .env.staging, .env.production), load the right one based on NODE_ENV with dotenv config path, centralize all config in a config module, and use environment-specific behavior for cookies, CORS, and logging. Always use different secrets per environment.
Development is for local coding (local DB, debug logging, dev secrets). Staging is for pre-production testing (staging DB, info logging, staging secrets, mirrors production). Production is the live app (production DB, warn logging, strong production secrets, real users).
Create a src/config/index.js module that loads dotenv, defines a config object with all variables (with defaults and type casting), validates required variables, and exports the config. Use config.isDev, config.isProd, config.isStaging for environment-specific behavior.
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