It is an extreme time complexity where the operations multiply factorially (N * N-1 * N-2...), representing the absolute worst algorithmic scaling possible.

Problems that require generating all possible permutations (orderings) of a dataset, such as solving the brute-force Traveling Salesperson problem.

You cannot change the math of permutations, but you can use Dynamic Programming or Branch and Bound techniques to skip evaluating branches that are guaranteed to be invalid.